Synergistic Satellite Assessment of Global Vegetation Health in Relation to ENSO‐Induced Droughts and Pluvials

We used environmental metrics developed from multi-source satellite observations to quantify the global influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events on surface wetting and drying anomalies, their impact vegetation health. The included a microwave wetness index (ASWI) incorporating near-surface atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD), volumetric soil moisture (VSM), land fractional water cover (FW) derived Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) observations, health (VHI) NOAA Very High Resolution (AVHRR) observations. combined ASWI VHI analysis reveals complex ENSO related impacts distribution availability plant communities, variable sensitivity associated drought pluvial events. A delayed response changes in (up 3.4 months) was observed, whereby may provide an effective forecast predictor climate intense 2015/2016 Niño event coincided with strong latitudinal correspondence (R ≥ 0.73). cascading anomalies cycle components were further investigated over ENSO-sensitive sub-regions including Amazonia, Australia, southern Africa, South American Paraná delta region. component information linked effect underlying inundation, deficits. new satellite-based assessments reveal complexity ENSO-related storages, these hydrologic perturbations ecosystem productivity.